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Smart Contracts Explore What are Smart Contracts on Blockchain

Smart contracts are not typical legal contracts but computer programs or transaction protocols. These are not signed physically but digitally. These digital contracts have transformed the way Blockchain based transactions occur.

Smart Contracts Explained

Smart contracts allow people to make safe, fast transactions without a middleman or fear of failure, as mathematical algorithms enforce all terms. You can say smart contracts execute automatically and are stored on a Blockchain. Smart contract executes a variety of tasks, such as the sale implementation and management of tokens, voting, identity management, or the management of decentralised applications.

 

Distributing Tokens

Distributing tokens to early investors through vesting contracts at predetermined time.

Token Issuance

Token issuance (algorithmic stablecoins) and issuance price adjustment based on the fluctuation of the native token’s rate.

Peer-to-Peer Transactions

To settle peer-to-peer transactions with cryptocurrencies and NFTs (such as minting, and to assign the ownership of the token).

How Smart Contracts Work?

Smart contracts execute agreements based on predefined rules. Let’s see their mechanism:

1

The creation of a smart contract starts with parties agreeing to the terms and conditions, execution criteria, and how the contract will operate.

2

Contract terms are translated into codes to reflect rules and outcomes/consequences. However, caution should be exercised when designing these contracts to avoid security threats.

3

The smart contract is then deployed on a blockchain, let’s say Ethereum. The contract will have a specific address on ETH blockchain.

4

A smart contract works by monitoring a verifiable data source or Blockchain for predefined conditions called trigger. It includes any verifiable event such as payment completion, bill receipt or any verifiable actions by the parties.

5

Once the triggering conditions are met, the contract self executes and performs actions like funds transfer or asset ownership registration.

6

Smart contracts are verifiable on the Blockchain. All actions are recorded and stored as transactions, available for public view.

These contracts were considered an Ethereum thing, but right now Bitcoins network also supports smart contracts.

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Smart Contracts execute automatically when predefined conditions are met. Here are a few key features of these contracts:

1

Immutable Nature

Due to their immutable nature, altering a deployed smart contract is unfeasible. So, these can’t be changed or tampered.

2

Distribution Means

Distribution means a smart contract is validated by all parties in the current network. This ensures the security of the agreement and prevent an unauthorised use by potential attackers.

3

Various blockchain Networks

Various blockchain networks and projects have implemented these, with Ethereum as one of the widely recognized.

 

Benefits of Smart Contracts

Contrary to typical contracts, smart contracts execute transactions almost instantly without the need of an intermediary. Here are a few key points that underline the significance of smart contracts:

These contracts were considered an Ethereum thing, but right now Bitcoins network also supports smart contracts.

Smart contracts increase efficiency as the process is automated with no time delays and errors that are common hurdles in the execution process. Transactions occur in real-time, minimising the time needed for verification and execution. 

Smart contracts ensure verifiable and tamper-proof execution as all actions are recorded on a distributed ledger.

Smart contracts are codes specifying predetermined rules stored on a decentralised ledger. Their terms are immutable, which means these can’t be easily changed without the consent of the majority of network participants.

There is no involvement of an intermediary and all transaction records are encrypted and shared between the parties. 

Smart contract are versatile and can be used in a variety of verticals – Supply chain, Insurance, Accounting and transfer of property rights, International settlements, for example, using letters of credit, Personal identification, Financial statements, Loan Payment Processing, Compilation and transfer of assets by will, Checking the compliance of goods with established standards, Storage of medical data, Transfer of other digital assets, and many more.

Smart Contract Use Cases

Create, track, and assign ownership rights to tokens on Blockchain networks with tailored utilities/features. The smart contract program utilities into the tokens it issues to holders such as dApp insurance (utility tokens), protocol influence-voting, suggesting changes (governance tokens), company equity (security tokens), or asset ownership (NFTs).

DEFi uses smart contracts to replicate traditional financial services – asset management, options, stablecoins, exchanges, and more. A smart contract can manage user’s funds and distribute per predefined terms. For instance, smart contacts facilitate lending and borrowing in a decentralised manner.

Many artists use the digital realm to host and sell their work –graphics, photos, music, and videos. Here, smart contracts can be used for copyright protection for non-fungible tokens. It would be like an agreement between the artist and the buyer specifying the terms of the sale including price, ownership rights, and royalties. 

 

Similarly, Blockchain-based games utilise smart contracts for secure execution of in-game transactions such as buying and selling in-game items or transferring ownership of assets.

Smart contacts can enforce game rules, and store game assets (in-game currency, items) to create a transparent gaming environment.

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